Understanding the Essentials of an Employment Authorization Number- What It Is and Why It Matters

What is an Employment Authorization Number (EAN)? An Employment Authorization Number, commonly known as an EAD, is a nine-digit number issued by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to foreign nationals who are authorized to work in the United States. This number is essential for individuals who have been granted employment-based immigration benefits, such as a change of status, adjustment of status, or employment authorization based on a pending application.

The EAD serves as proof that an individual is legally allowed to work in the United States. It is typically printed on a document called an Employment Authorization Document (EAD card), which is a plastic card that contains the individual’s photo, name, and the EAN. The EAD card is valid for a specific period, which can range from one year to several years, depending on the individual’s immigration status and the USCIS’ decision on their application.

Importance of the Employment Authorization Number

The Employment Authorization Number plays a crucial role in the lives of foreign nationals working in the United States. Here are some key reasons why it is important:

1. Employment Verification: Employers are required by law to verify the employment eligibility of their employees. The EAD card serves as a valid document for employment verification purposes, ensuring that employers comply with the regulations set forth by the U.S. government.

2. Change of Status: For individuals who have been granted a change of status from a nonimmigrant to an immigrant visa, the EAD card allows them to legally work in the United States while their adjustment of status application is pending.

3. Employment Authorization Based on Pending Applications: Some foreign nationals may be authorized to work in the United States based on a pending application, such as a family-based petition or an employment-based petition. The EAD card provides proof of this authorization, allowing individuals to work while their applications are being processed.

4. Proof of Identity and Employment Eligibility: The EAD card serves as a form of identification for foreign nationals, proving their legal right to work in the United States. This can be particularly important when opening bank accounts, renting apartments, or engaging in other activities that require proof of identity and employment eligibility.

Obtaining an Employment Authorization Number

To obtain an EAD, foreign nationals must file a Form I-765 with the USCIS. The form must be completed accurately and submitted along with the required supporting documents. The process for obtaining an EAD can vary depending on the individual’s immigration status and the reason for applying.

Some common scenarios that may require an individual to apply for an EAD include:

1. Adjustment of Status: Individuals who are applying to change their immigration status from a nonimmigrant to an immigrant visa may need to apply for an EAD to work in the United States while their application is pending.

2. Change of Nonimmigrant Status: Nonimmigrant visa holders who wish to change their status to another nonimmigrant category may need to apply for an EAD if their new status allows for employment.

3. Pending Applications: Individuals with pending applications for various immigration benefits, such as family-based or employment-based petitions, may be eligible for an EAD if they meet certain criteria.

Renewing an Employment Authorization Number

Once an EAD card expires, individuals must apply for a renewal if they wish to continue working in the United States. The renewal process is similar to the initial application process, and individuals must submit a completed Form I-765 along with the required supporting documents.

It is important to note that the USCIS may deny an EAD renewal application if the individual’s underlying immigration status is terminated or if they are found to be out of status. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals to maintain their legal immigration status and to apply for renewals before their EAD cards expire.

In conclusion, the Employment Authorization Number is a vital document for foreign nationals working in the United States. It serves as proof of employment eligibility and identity, and it is essential for compliance with U.S. immigration laws. Understanding the process of obtaining, renewing, and maintaining an EAD can help individuals navigate the complexities of the U.S. immigration system and ensure their legal right to work in the United States.