Exploring the Social Model of Disability- Perceptions and Implications of Viewing Impairment
How does the social model of disability view impairment? The social model of disability is a theoretical framework that challenges the traditional medical model of disability, which focuses on the individual’s physical or mental impairments. In contrast, the social model of disability emphasizes the social, political, and environmental barriers that prevent individuals with impairments from fully participating in society. This article explores the key principles of the social model of disability and its perspective on impairment.
The social model of disability views impairment as a natural part of human diversity. It acknowledges that all individuals, to some extent, have impairments or limitations. However, it argues that these impairments are not inherently disabling. Instead, it posits that the disabling aspects arise from the social and environmental context in which individuals live. In other words, the social model of disability considers impairment as a societal construct rather than an intrinsic characteristic of an individual.
One of the central tenets of the social model is the idea that impairment is a result of attitudinal and environmental barriers. These barriers can be physical, such as inaccessible buildings or transportation systems, or attitudinal, such as negative stereotypes and discrimination. According to this model, it is these barriers that prevent individuals with impairments from accessing opportunities, resources, and services that are available to others. Thus, the focus of the social model is on addressing these barriers rather than on altering the individual’s impairment itself.
The social model of disability also highlights the importance of social inclusion and participation. It argues that individuals with impairments should have equal rights and opportunities to engage in all aspects of life, including education, employment, and social activities. This perspective challenges the notion that individuals with impairments are inherently less capable or less valuable members of society. Instead, it promotes the idea that everyone has the potential to contribute to society, and that society as a whole benefits from the diversity that individuals with impairments bring.
In practice, the social model of disability calls for a transformative approach to disability policy and practice. This includes advocating for changes in attitudes, policies, and environments to ensure that individuals with impairments can fully participate in society. It also involves recognizing the strengths and abilities of individuals with impairments, rather than solely focusing on their limitations.
In conclusion, the social model of disability views impairment as a societal construct, emphasizing the role of social and environmental barriers in creating disability. By focusing on these barriers and promoting social inclusion, the social model of disability seeks to create a more equitable and accessible society for all individuals, regardless of their impairments.
